简述营养支持的原则。
(1)凡胃肠道功能正常者,或存在部分功能者首选肠内营养。(2)经周围静脉和经中心静脉均可行肠外营养,应优先选用周围静脉行肠外营养。(3)肠内营养不足时可用肠外营养补充。(4)营养需要量较高或期望短期改善营养状况者可用肠外营养或与肠内营养同时使用。(5)需要较长时间营养支持者应设法应用肠内营养。
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