Analyze and comment on the following.Analyze the causes of ambiguity in the following sentences, and try to make some alterations to eliminate the ambiguity.（a） John ran the car race.（b）They saw her duck.

Analyze and comment on the following.Analyze the causes of ambiguity in the following sentences, and try to make some alterations to eliminate the ambiguity.（a） John ran the car race.（b）They saw her duck.

（A）THE AMBIGUITY HERE IS CAUSED BY POLYSEMY. SENTENCE（A）IS QUITE AMBIGUOUS BECAUSE WE HAVE NO WAY TO DETERMINE WHETHER JOHN 'PARTICIPATED' IN THE RACE OR 'ORGANISED' THE RACE AS THE WORD RUN CAN MEAN BOTH.

（B）THE AMBIGUITY HERE IS CAUSED BY HOMONYMY. DUCK CAN BE UNDERSTOOD AS A NOUN MEANING A “KIND OF POULTRY” OR AS A VERB MEANING “LOWER ONE’S HEAD OR BODY QUICKLY, DODGE”, THIS AMBIGUITY CAN BE ELIMINATED BY ALTERING THE CONTEXT A LITTLE AS “THEY SAW HER DUCK SWIMMING IN THE RIVER.”